<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE ONIXMessage SYSTEM "http://localhost/onix/3.1/ONIX_BookProduct_3.1_reference.xsd">
<ONIXMessage xmlns="http://ns.editeur.org/onix/3.1/reference" release="3.1">
  <Header>
    <Sender>
      <SenderIdentifier>
        <SenderIDType>04</SenderIDType>
        <IDValue>15275</IDValue>
      </SenderIdentifier>
      <SenderIdentifier>
        <SenderIDType>06</SenderIDType>
        <IDValue>4399901869295</IDValue>
      </SenderIdentifier>
      <SenderIdentifier>
        <SenderIDType>23</SenderIDType>
        <IDValue>DE161050927</IDValue>
      </SenderIdentifier>
      <SenderIdentifier>
        <SenderIDType>25</SenderIDType>
        <IDValue>1065107307</IDValue>
      </SenderIdentifier>
      <SenderName>Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag Inhaberin Ursula Reichert</SenderName>
      <ContactName>Ursula Reichert</ContactName>
      <EmailAddress>info@reichert-verlag.de</EmailAddress>
    </Sender>
    <SentDateTime>20260517</SentDateTime>
    <DefaultPriceType>04</DefaultPriceType>
    <DefaultCurrencyCode>EUR</DefaultCurrencyCode>
  </Header>
  <Product>
    <RecordReference>reichert-verlag.de2263</RecordReference>
    <NotificationType>03</NotificationType>
    <RecordSourceType>01</RecordSourceType>
    <RecordSourceIdentifier>
      <RecordSourceIDType>04</RecordSourceIDType>
      <IDValue>15275</IDValue>
    </RecordSourceIdentifier>
    <ProductIdentifier>
      <ProductIDType>01</ProductIDType>
      <IDTypeName>Reichert LGNR</IDTypeName>
      <IDValue>2263</IDValue>
    </ProductIdentifier>
    <ProductIdentifier>
      <ProductIDType>15</ProductIDType>
      <IDValue>9783895002632</IDValue>
    </ProductIdentifier>
    <DescriptiveDetail>
      <ProductComposition>00</ProductComposition>
      <ProductForm>BB</ProductForm>
      <ProductFormDetail>B409</ProductFormDetail>
      <Measure>
        <MeasureType>01</MeasureType>
        <Measurement>24</Measurement>
        <MeasureUnitCode>cm</MeasureUnitCode>
      </Measure>
      <Measure>
        <MeasureType>02</MeasureType>
        <Measurement>17</Measurement>
        <MeasureUnitCode>cm</MeasureUnitCode>
      </Measure>
      <Measure>
        <MeasureType>08</MeasureType>
        <Measurement>1112</Measurement>
        <MeasureUnitCode>gr</MeasureUnitCode>
      </Measure>
      <CountryOfManufacture>DE</CountryOfManufacture>
      <EpubUsageConstraint>
        <EpubUsageType>11</EpubUsageType>
        <EpubUsageStatus>03</EpubUsageStatus>
      </EpubUsageConstraint>
      <ProductClassification>
        <ProductClassificationType>04</ProductClassificationType>
        <ProductClassificationCode>49019900</ProductClassificationCode>
      </ProductClassification>
      <Collection>
        <CollectionType>10</CollectionType>
        <TitleDetail>
          <TitleType>01</TitleType>
          <TitleElement>
            <TitleElementLevel>02</TitleElementLevel>
            <TitleText>Contributions to Tibetan Studies</TitleText>
          </TitleElement>
        </TitleDetail>
      </Collection>
      <TitleDetail>
        <TitleType>01</TitleType>
        <TitleElement>
          <TitleElementLevel>01</TitleElementLevel>
          <PartNumber>1</PartNumber>
          <TitleText>Three-Vow Theories in Tibetan Buddhism</TitleText>
          <Subtitle>A Comparative Study of Major Traditions from the Twelfth through Nineteenth Centuries</Subtitle>
        </TitleElement>
      </TitleDetail>
      <Contributor>
        <SequenceNumber>1</SequenceNumber>
        <ContributorRole>A01</ContributorRole>
        <NameIdentifier>
          <NameIDType>16</NameIDType>
          <IDValue>0000000066346769</IDValue>
        </NameIdentifier>
        <NameIdentifier>
          <NameIDType>25</NameIDType>
          <IDValue>12356428X</IDValue>
        </NameIdentifier>
        <NameIdentifier>
          <NameIDType>21</NameIDType>
          <IDValue>0000000327986917</IDValue>
        </NameIdentifier>
        <PersonName>Jan-Ulrich Sobisch</PersonName>
        <PersonNameInverted>Sobisch, Jan-Ulrich</PersonNameInverted>
        <NamesBeforeKey>Jan-Ulrich</NamesBeforeKey>
        <KeyNames>Sobisch</KeyNames>
      </Contributor>
      <NoEdition/>
      <Language>
        <LanguageRole>01</LanguageRole>
        <LanguageCode>eng</LanguageCode>
      </Language>
      <Extent>
        <ExtentType>00</ExtentType>
        <ExtentValue>596</ExtentValue>
        <ExtentUnit>03</ExtentUnit>
      </Extent>
      <NumberOfIllustrations>2</NumberOfIllustrations>
      <AncillaryContent>
        <AncillaryContentType>01</AncillaryContentType>
        <Number>2</Number>
      </AncillaryContent>
      <Subject>
        <MainSubject/>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>26</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>2.0</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>1545</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <MainSubject/>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>93</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>QRAX</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>93</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>QRFB21</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>94</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>1FPCT</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>93</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>QRFP</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>96</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>3KL</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>96</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>3MD</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>96</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>3MG</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>96</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>3ML</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>96</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectSchemeVersion>1.4</SubjectSchemeVersion>
        <SubjectCode>3MN</SubjectCode>
      </Subject>
      <Subject>
        <SubjectSchemeIdentifier>20</SubjectSchemeIdentifier>
        <SubjectHeadingText>Geographie; Mittel- und Zentralasien. Tibet; Religionswissenschaft; Sprachwissenschaft; Tantra; Tibet; Tibetischer Buddhismus</SubjectHeadingText>
      </Subject>
    </DescriptiveDetail>
    <CollateralDetail>
      <TextContent>
        <TextType>02</TextType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <Text language="eng" textformat="05">Since the 12th century, a central feature of Buddhism in Tibet was its harmonizing of tantric practice with the moral codes of monastic discipline and Bodhisattva altruism. All masters maintained the vajrayana or tantric path to be superior to the two „lower“ codes, but they described this superiority differently. In the present study, Jan-Ulrich Sobisch explores for the first time in detail the three main strategies maintained by the oldest Tibetan schools for explaining the relations of the three codes.&lt;br/&gt;</Text>
        <Text language="ger" textformat="05">Ein Kernpunkt des tibetischen Buddhismus ist seine Harmonisierung tantrischer Praxis mit dem Moralkodex klösterlicher Disziplin und dem Altruismus der Bodhisattvas. Alle Gelehrten vertraten die Ansicht, dass Vajrayāna bzw. der tantrische Pfad den Regeln der beiden „niederen“ Fahrzeuge überlegen sei, sie beschrieben diese Überlegenheit jedoch unterschiedlich. In der vorliegenden Studie werden von Jan-Ulrich Sobisch zum ersten Mal die drei hauptsächlichen Strategien im Detail untersucht, die von den ältesten tibetischen Schulen vertreten werden, um das Verhältnis der drei Kodizes zueinander zu erläutern.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</Text>
      </TextContent>
      <TextContent>
        <TextType>03</TextType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <Text language="eng" textformat="05">„Three Vow Theories in Tibetan Buddhism“ is the first comparative study of the interrelations of the three Buddhist systems of vows as explained by some of the greatest scholars and adepts of Tibet. Although conventional monastic Buddhism insists on a strict avoidance of evil deeds, the Mahayana, which stresses as foremost the welfare of others, allows the occasional ignoring of moral rules if altruistically motivated, whereas the Vajrayana goes so far as to teach that the yogi is sometimes obliged to transgress a moral code.&lt;br/&gt;The attempts in Tibet since the twelfth century to harmonize the different vows of Pratimoksa, Mahayana, an Vajrayana led to lively controversies and ingenious exegetic strategies. One strategy was to postulate the superiority of Vajrayana either trough an automatic „upward transformation“ of the „lower vows“ or a complete „outshining“ of conventional moral codes. Many masters stressed that particular practices of the Vajrayana, such as sexual yoga, were exceptions that only a few excedingly accomplished yogis could carry out.&lt;br/&gt;To clarify the historical background, brief biographies of the main authors on this theme are presented, including for the Indian pandita Vibhuticandra, the Tibetan masters Gorampa (Sakya), Gampopa (Kayu), Karma Thrinlay and Karma Ngedön (Karma Kabrgyu), Kongtrül (Rime), Jigten Gönpo and Dorje Sherab (Drigung Kargyu), and Ngari Panchen and Lochen Dharmashri (Nyingma).&lt;br/&gt;The present book is the doctoral dissertation (U. Hamburg, 1999) of Dr. Jan-Ulrich Sobisch, whose investigation at the University of Munich of the 16th-century Sakya master Ameshab is now nearing completion.</Text>
        <Text language="ger" textformat="05">Während die Moralvorstellungen des herkömmlichen Buddhismus eine unbedingte Vermeidung unmoralischer Handlungen verlangen, können im Mahayana, bei dem das Wirken zum Wohle anderer im Vordergrund steht, die moralischen Regeln durchaus einmal außer Kraft gesetzt werden. In dem in Tibet praktizierten Vajrayana werden in manchen Texten solche Übertretungen sogar zur Pflicht gemacht. Die seit dem 12. Jh. zu beobachtenden Versuche, die verschiedenen Selbstverpflichtungen des Pratimoksa, des Mahayana und des Vajrayanas zu harmonisieren, führten nicht selten zu scharfen Kontroversen. Einige Strategien zur Lösung des Konflikts bestanden in dem Versuch, aus der postulierten Überlegenheit des Vajrayanas entweder eine automatisch „erhöhende Transformation” der „niederen Gelübde”, oder aber ihr gänzliches „Ausblenden” abzuleiten. Andere erklärten die Besonderheiten des Vajrayanas, wie das „sexuelle Yoga”, als Ausnahmeerscheinungen in der Praxis einzelner, hochbegabter Yogis, während im Allgemeinen die solche Erscheinungen betreffenden Textstellen der Tantras so zu interpretieren seien, dass sie auch vor dem Hintergrund der konventionellen Moral bestehen können.&lt;br/&gt;Die Studie untersucht die Entstehungsphasen der diesbezüglichen Lehrmeinungen sowie ihre späteren Ausdeutungen. Zu ihren Ergebnissen zählt u. a. die Erkenntnis, das gleichlautende Begriffe von verschiedenen Autoren häufig in voneinander abweichender Weise gebraucht wurden, und dass zunächst konträr erscheinende Positionen oft nur auf einer unterschiedlichen Gewichtung einzelner Aspekte beruhen. Diese Gewichtungen dürften allerdings in nicht unerheblicher Weise für die unterschiedliche Handhabung der Praxis verantwortlich sein.&lt;br/&gt;Das 596 Seiten umfassende Buch enthält neben einer Einleitung biographische Notizen zu allen Autoren, deren Texte herangezogen wurden, inhaltliche Zusammenfassungen der wichtigsten Werke mit ausführlichen Anmerkungen, eine ideengeschichtliche Untersuchung zentraler Begriffe, Dokumentation und Übersetzung tibetischer Texte und detaillierte Indizes. In der Hauptsache werden Texte des Inders Vibhuticandra und der Tibeter Go-rams-pa (Sa-skya-pa), sGam-po-pa (bKa’-brgyud-pa), Karma-’phrin-las-pa und Karma-nges-don (Karma bKa’-brgyud-pa), Kong-sprul (Ris-med), ‘Jig-rten-mgon-po und rDo-rje-shes-rab (‘Bri-gung bKa’-brgyud-pa) sowie von mNga’-ris Pan-chen und Lo-chen Dharmashr (rNying-ma-pa) bearbeitet.&lt;br/&gt;</Text>
      </TextContent>
      <SupportingResource>
        <ResourceContentType>01</ResourceContentType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <ResourceMode>03</ResourceMode>
        <ResourceVersion>
          <ResourceForm>02</ResourceForm>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>01</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>D502</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>02</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>800</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>03</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>567</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>07</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>98484</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceLink>https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de/media/original/9783895002632.jpg</ResourceLink>
        </ResourceVersion>
      </SupportingResource>
      <SupportingResource>
        <ResourceContentType>25</ResourceContentType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <ResourceMode>04</ResourceMode>
        <ResourceVersion>
          <ResourceForm>02</ResourceForm>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>01</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>E107</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>06</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>d8f1e090de76f381d4c65f9871b708ce</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>07</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>578264</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceLink>https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de/media/pdf/9783895002632_toc.pdf</ResourceLink>
        </ResourceVersion>
      </SupportingResource>
      <SupportingResource>
        <ResourceContentType>15</ResourceContentType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <ResourceMode>04</ResourceMode>
        <ResourceVersion>
          <ResourceForm>02</ResourceForm>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>01</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>E107</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>06</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>4c1533db30c17f01f4342fe57cfdc211</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>07</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>2900313</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceLink>https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de/media/pdf/9783895002632_sample.pdf</ResourceLink>
        </ResourceVersion>
      </SupportingResource>
      <SupportingResource>
        <ResourceContentType>41</ResourceContentType>
        <ContentAudience>00</ContentAudience>
        <ResourceMode>04</ResourceMode>
        <ResourceVersion>
          <ResourceForm>02</ResourceForm>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>01</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>E107</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>06</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>64035a0f74f70b80490b593bda278f42</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceVersionFeature>
            <ResourceVersionFeatureType>07</ResourceVersionFeatureType>
            <FeatureValue>265726</FeatureValue>
          </ResourceVersionFeature>
          <ResourceLink>https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de/media/pdf/9783895002632_preface.pdf</ResourceLink>
        </ResourceVersion>
      </SupportingResource>
    </CollateralDetail>
    <PublishingDetail>
      <Imprint>
        <ImprintName>Reichert Verlag</ImprintName>
      </Imprint>
      <Publisher>
        <PublishingRole>01</PublishingRole>
        <PublisherIdentifier>
          <PublisherIDType>04</PublisherIDType>
          <IDValue>15275</IDValue>
        </PublisherIdentifier>
        <PublisherIdentifier>
          <PublisherIDType>06</PublisherIDType>
          <IDValue>4399901869295</IDValue>
        </PublisherIdentifier>
        <PublisherIdentifier>
          <PublisherIDType>23</PublisherIDType>
          <IDValue>DE161050927</IDValue>
        </PublisherIdentifier>
        <PublisherIdentifier>
          <PublisherIDType>25</PublisherIDType>
          <IDValue>1065107307</IDValue>
        </PublisherIdentifier>
        <PublisherName>Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag Inhaberin Ursula Reichert</PublisherName>
        <Website>
          <WebsiteRole>01</WebsiteRole>
          <WebsiteLink>https://reichert-verlag.de</WebsiteLink>
        </Website>
        <Website>
          <WebsiteRole>02</WebsiteRole>
          <WebsiteLink>https://reichert-verlag.de/9783895002632_three_vow_theories_in_tibetan_buddhism-detail/</WebsiteLink>
        </Website>
        <Website>
          <WebsiteRole>03</WebsiteRole>
          <WebsiteLink>https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de</WebsiteLink>
        </Website>
      </Publisher>
      <CityOfPublication>Wiesbaden</CityOfPublication>
      <CountryOfPublication>DE</CountryOfPublication>
      <ProductContact>
        <ProductContactRole>10</ProductContactRole>
        <ProductContactIdentifier>
          <ProductContactIDType>04</ProductContactIDType>
          <IDValue>15275</IDValue>
        </ProductContactIdentifier>
        <ProductContactIdentifier>
          <ProductContactIDType>06</ProductContactIDType>
          <IDValue>4399901869295</IDValue>
        </ProductContactIdentifier>
        <ProductContactIdentifier>
          <ProductContactIDType>23</ProductContactIDType>
          <IDValue>DE161050927</IDValue>
        </ProductContactIdentifier>
        <ProductContactIdentifier>
          <ProductContactIDType>25</ProductContactIDType>
          <IDValue>1065107307</IDValue>
        </ProductContactIdentifier>
        <ProductContactName>Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag Inhaberin Ursula Reichert</ProductContactName>
        <ContactName>Ursula Reichert</ContactName>
        <TelephoneNumber>+496119465911</TelephoneNumber>
        <EmailAddress>info@reichert-verlag.de</EmailAddress>
        <StreetAddress>Tauernstraße 11</StreetAddress>
        <LocationName>Wiesbaden</LocationName>
        <PostalCode>65199</PostalCode>
        <CountryCode>DE</CountryCode>
      </ProductContact>
      <PublishingStatus>04</PublishingStatus>
      <PublishingDate>
        <PublishingDateRole>01</PublishingDateRole>
        <Date>20020701</Date>
      </PublishingDate>
      <PublishingDate>
        <PublishingDateRole>11</PublishingDateRole>
        <Date>2002</Date>
      </PublishingDate>
    </PublishingDetail>
    <ProductSupply>
      <SupplyDetail>
        <Supplier>
          <SupplierRole>00</SupplierRole>
          <SupplierIdentifier>
            <SupplierIDType>23</SupplierIDType>
            <IDValue>DE146124076</IDValue>
          </SupplierIdentifier>
          <SupplierName>Brockhaus Kommissionsgeschäft GmbH</SupplierName>
          <Website>
            <WebsiteRole>01</WebsiteRole>
            <WebsiteLink>https://www.brocom.de</WebsiteLink>
          </Website>
        </Supplier>
        <ProductAvailability>20</ProductAvailability>
        <Price>
          <PriceType>02</PriceType>
          <PriceStatus>02</PriceStatus>
          <PriceAmount>58.00</PriceAmount>
          <Tax>
            <TaxType>01</TaxType>
            <TaxRateCode>R</TaxRateCode>
            <TaxRatePercent>7.00</TaxRatePercent>
          </Tax>
          <CurrencyCode>EUR</CurrencyCode>
          <Territory>
            <CountriesIncluded>DE</CountriesIncluded>
          </Territory>
        </Price>
        <Price>
          <PriceType>02</PriceType>
          <PriceStatus>02</PriceStatus>
          <PriceAmount>59.60</PriceAmount>
          <Tax>
            <TaxType>01</TaxType>
            <TaxRateCode>R</TaxRateCode>
            <TaxRatePercent>10.00</TaxRatePercent>
          </Tax>
          <CurrencyCode>EUR</CurrencyCode>
          <Territory>
            <CountriesIncluded>AT</CountriesIncluded>
          </Territory>
        </Price>
        <Price>
          <PriceType>02</PriceType>
          <PriceStatus>02</PriceStatus>
          <PriceAmount>87.00</PriceAmount>
          <CurrencyCode>USD</CurrencyCode>
          <Territory>
            <CountriesIncluded>US</CountriesIncluded>
          </Territory>
        </Price>
      </SupplyDetail>
    </ProductSupply>
  </Product>
</ONIXMessage>
